Air conditioning failure and judgment method

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The basic methods for judging the common faults of household air conditioners are: watching, listening, touching, measuring and analyzing.

1. Look: Carefully observe the working conditions of the air conditioner components, focus on the refrigeration system, electrical system, and wind system to determine whether they work properly.

(1) Refrigeration system: Observe the cracks, damage, frost and condensation of the pipelines in the refrigeration system; whether there is any friction between the refrigeration pipelines, the pipelines and the casing, especially the refrigerant pipeline There is no leakage at the joint of the joint and the joint at the joint. If there is oil at the leak (a certain amount of refrigeration oil in the refrigeration system), you can also wipe the weld joint of the pipeline and the joint with a clean soft cloth or soft paper to observe whether there is any Oil stains to determine if a leak has occurred.

(2) Electrical system: Observe whether the fuse of the electrical system is blown, whether the insulation of the electrical wire is intact, whether the circuit board is broken or not, and whether the joint is loose or not. In particular, the electrical connection is in good contact, and the wiring screw and the connector are easily loosened to cause poor contact.

(3) Ventilation system: Observe whether the air filter, heat exchanger coil and fins are excessively dusty; whether the air inlet and outlet are unblocked; whether the fan and fan blades are running normally; whether the wind is normal or not.

2. Listen: Power on and listen to whether the air conditioner compressor running sound is normal, whether there is abnormal sound, whether the fan is running with noise or not, and whether the noise is too large. When the air conditioner is in operation, under normal conditions, the vibration is slight and the noise is small, generally below 50DB. If the vibration and noise are too large, the possible causes are:

(1) Improper installation. If the size of the bracket does not match the unit, the fixing is not tight, or the rubber or foam pad is not added, the vibration of the air conditioner will be intensified and the noise will become larger during operation. Especially the most significant when starting and stopping.

(2) The compressor does not vibrate normally. The base is not properly installed, the feet are not level, the anti-vibration rubber or anti-vibration spring is poorly installed or the anti-vibration effect is not good. If a malfunction occurs inside the compressor, such as a broken valve, a liquid blow, etc., an abnormal sound is also emitted.

(3) The fan hits. Poor installation or deformation of the fan blades can cause crashes. The fan may collide with the wall and the chassis, the axis of the fan will move, and the blade will lose its balance and it will make a crash. If there is foreign matter in the fan, the blade will collide with it.

3. Touch: Touch the relevant part of the air conditioner to feel its hot and cold, chattering, etc., to help determine the nature and location of the fault. Under normal conditions, the temperature of the condenser gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the temperature of the lower part is slightly higher than the ambient temperature. If the entire condenser is not hot or the upper part is slightly warm, or if it is hot, but the temperature of the two adjacent pipes is significantly different, it is abnormal. Under normal conditions, the evaporator puts a finger with water on the surface of the evaporator, which will feel cold and sticky. The capillary at the dryer and outlet should have a warm feeling under normal conditions (slightly higher than the ambient temperature, and the temperature of the pipe at the end of the condenser is basically the same). If the temperature is lower than the ambient temperature or the surface has dew condensation and the temperature difference between the capillary sections I am not normal. The suction pipe at 200mm from the compressor should be similar in temperature to the ambient temperature under normal conditions.

4. Measurement: In order to accurately determine the nature and location of the fault, it is often necessary to check the performance parameters and status of the air conditioner with instruments and meters. If the leak detector is used to check for refrigerant leakage; use a multimeter to measure the power supply voltage, the ground current and operating current of each terminal meet the requirements, and the air conditioner controlled by the computer should also measure whether the potential of each control point is normal.

5. Analysis: Most of the results obtained by the above-mentioned several inspection methods can only reflect a certain partial state. The various parts of the air conditioner are connected to each other and affect each other. There may be multiple reasons for a fault phenomenon, and one cause may also cause multiple faults. Therefore, a comprehensive comparative analysis of local factors is required to comprehensively and accurately determine the nature and location of the fault.

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