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Cotton field application base fertilizer
On July 3 last year , when the author came to the Xiao Chen group of Sanguan Village, Mahu Township, Feidong County, Anhui Province, a farmer named Xue reflected that his cotton long-length male skill (nutrition branch) was not long-fruited. Kapok, the author learned from his communication, he has a lot of base (bottom) fertilizer, 10 tons of decomposed poultry manure per acre, 15 kilograms per square meter, far away, the cotton plant grows green, close The vegetative growth is strong, the stem is thick, but the ratio of red and green is imbalanced. The leaf area is large, the shading is serious, and there are many axillary buds among the branches. The vegetative growth inhibits the reproductive growth. The reason is that the base (bottom) is over-nutrified and the nutrient distribution is not balanced. The same variety of neighboring farmer species, there are 2 to 3 peaches per plant, and the flower buds are flourishing. On March 13 this year, when the author went to the Shishan Tower Brigade of Jidong Farm in Hanchuan City, Hubei Province, a cadre in charge of agriculture said that his cotton area this year should be expanded to 18 mu, an increase of 5 mu over last year. 300 kg of seed cotton per mu, this year to fight for 325 to 350 kg per mu, he said that each mu of base (bottom) fertilizer is intended to apply 100 kg of compound fertilizer, 360 yuan, one for high-yield harvest of cotton; the second is to save fertilizer after work. The author and his account said that this will increase the cost of fertilizer, and the second will cause fat damage to cotton, he said I will listen to you. At present, the production of spring ploughing is just around the corner, and the preparation of fertilizer for cotton has begun. Every year, there are often some typical examples of mistakes in cotton fertilization technology. We must carefully summarize and learn the lessons and scientifically exert the effect of fertilization technology.
Cotton is indeed a crop with a long growing period and a large amount of fertilizer. However, there is no limit to the application of fertilizer. It is difficult to achieve high yield when the cotton is in a state of starvation. Excessive fertilization, in addition to wasting investment, will also inhibit the growth and development of cotton. Reduce production.
According to our experience in summing up the high yield of cotton for many years, the principle of fertilization should be “base (bottom) fat foot, seedling speed, bud fertilizer stability, flower bell fat, and general application of peach fertilizer.†Now, cotton is about to be applied. (Bottom), here we will talk about the base (bottom) fertilizer for reference.
Among the fertilizers required for cotton production, the general base (bottom) fertilizer accounts for 40% to 50% of the total fertilization, and the top dressing accounts for 50% to 60% of the total fertilization. If the base (bottom) fertilizer exceeds 50% of the cotton field, the cotton seedlings will grow in the early stage, the buds will fall off seriously, and the early stage will be prematurely fading; the second will be caused by pests and diseases. Cotton-based (bottom) fertilizer, how much is applied in the end, we can consider from two aspects, one is the proportion of formula fertilization; the second is the fertilizer input expenditure.
In terms of formula balanced fertilization, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is preferably 1.0:0.3:1.0. According to this ratio, all kinds of fertilizers can be reasonably applied to avoid antagonistic effects and affect the exertion of fertilizer efficiency. Hybrid insect-resistant cotton is very sensitive to potassium fertilizer. In the proportion of various fertilizers, it is necessary to apply potassium fertilizer.
In terms of fertilizer input, medium-fertility cotton fields produce about 350 kilograms of seed cotton per mu. The input of fertilizer per acre is 300-350 yuan, and the input of base (bottom) fertilizer is about 150 yuan. Advocate the application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, not only improve the soil, but also ensure the balanced transport of various types of fertilizers, and improve the fertilization capacity of cotton fields. Base (bottom) fertilizer, 30~40 kg of bio-organic compound fertilizer per mu, 15~20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, 10~15 kg of potash fertilizer, no bio-organic compound fertilizer, Increase the amount of ternary compound fertilizer, but still need to add potassium fertilizer.
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