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Acid: 1 Use lime to neutralize acidity, use 40-50 kg per 667 square meters, and apply evenly during soil preparation. The amount of application will be reduced by 1/2 each year until it is converted to neutral or slightly acidic soil. 2 plant green manure and increase organic matter. 3 increase the number of irrigation (sand irrigation can be carried out in paddy fields), flushing the harmful substances on the crops. 4 plant acid-tolerant crops, such as rice, rape, mulberry, tea, sweet potato, sugar cane and other acid-resistant and acid-resistant plants. 5 application of alkaline fertilizers, such as calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, phosphate rock powder, plant ash, ammonium bicarbonate, lime nitrogen, ammonia water, etc., have neutralized and improved effects on acidic soil.
Alkali: 1 The use of acidic fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, etc., can neutralize alkaline. 2 Planting alkali-tolerant crops, such as cotton, bean crops, hemp, underground crops, etc. 3 Deepen the ploughing layer, dredge the “three ditch†in place, lower the water level, and wash the alkali with water every year. 4 Increase the application of farmyard manure, fertilize the soil texture, promote the formation of pellets, and reduce alkalinity.
Sticky: 1 Add sand to the soil, improve the ploughing, adjust the proportion of sediment, and unify the contradiction between water and fertilizer. 2 Xia Yu Dong Ling, ripening the soil, is conducive to fertilizer and fertilizer. 3 Clean up the “three ditch†to lower the water level and increase soil permeability. 4 Add organic fertilizer and lime to promote the formation of soil aggregate structure and coordinate the contradiction between water, fertilizer and heat.
Sand: 1 Add fertilizer to the farm and add organic matter. 2 plant underground solid crops or drought-tolerant crops, such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, peanuts, millet, sesame, mung beans, soybeans, cotton, etc. 3 Improve the soil texture with the guest soil. 4 planting trees, wind and sand. 5 planting grass green manure.
Cold: 1 Increase the application of farmyard manure and warm feces (骡, horse, poultry manure). 2 "Three Ditch" is in place, lowering the water level, and often cultivating loose soil (the paddy field is muddy grass). 3 more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (lowly available phosphorus and potassium in cold soaked fields), promote roots and strong stalks for high yield. 4 The paddy field is planted in a narrow-box field, and the dry land is cultivated in a ridge field to expand the range of dehumidification and heat preservation. 5 Implementation of water and drought rotation, 2-3 years rotation to reduce pests and diseases.
Thin: 1 planting legume crops and green manure to increase soil nitrogen levels and organic matter. 2 Add fertilizers with high nitrogen content (such as urea). 3 Deepen the tillage layer year by year, promote soil ripening, and simultaneously increase the application of farmyard manure. 4 Implement intensive management, and promote technologies such as film covering, grass cover after planting, and fertilizer application.
Waste: 1 Take effective measures to comprehensively manage the causes of ridiculousness. 2 Scientific planning, unified arrangements, rational breeding and afforestation. 3 Improve the quality of land preparation, increase the multiple cropping index, and implement intercropping. 4 Increase the application of farmyard fertilizers and fertilize the soil.
Source: Shanxi Science and Technology News
Low-yield field transformation and fertilization production technology
Low-yield fields are the main obstacle to the current “two high and one excellent†agricultural production. The area of ​​low-yield fields in the country is estimated to be one-third or more. Its characteristics are: acid, alkali, sticky, sand, cold, thin, and wild, resulting in poor soil ploughing, crop growth, low yield, and poor economic returns. The following is an improvement and treatment measure for the inferiority of low-yield fields for reference.
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