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South Africa: the famous hometown of diamonds
The word diamond comes from the Greek word "adamas", meaning "invincible." Since ancient times, diamonds have been given the romantic meaning of power, mystery, beauty, love and so on. South Africa, known as the diamond kingdom, is not only a happy home for all kinds of rare birds and animals, but also a famous hometown of diamonds. Today South Africa is the fourth largest diamond producer in the world and is known for producing high quality diamonds. Exploring the predecessors of South African diamonds is one of the temptations that visitors to South Africa cannot resist. During the Spring Festival shopping season, heading to South Africa to select exciting diamonds while experiencing South Africa's unique diamond culture is a special holiday plan. Kimberley, the hometown of diamonds, Kimberley, the capital of the Northern Cape, is located in the vicinity of the world's largest artificial cave formed by the excavation of a large number of diamonds between 1870 and 1914. It is known as the capital of diamonds. The cave is 1,097 meters deep and has an entrance diameter of about 500 meters. It covers an area of ​​17 hectares and produces about 3 tons of diamond mine. Today the mine has been closed and has become a famous tourist destination in South Africa. As the home of the world-famous diamonds, there is no shortage of diamond museums. Kimberley’s Diamond Museum not only collects diamonds, but also collects mining history in South Africa. The world's largest diamond: To date, the largest diamond ever found in the world comes from The Premier Diamond Mine in Cullinan, outside the city of Pretoria, South Africa. The Cullinan Diamond weighs 3,106 carats and is named after its discoverer, Thomas Cullinan. The diamond was cut into a 530-carat Star of Africa and several other small diamonds. Among them, "Cullinan first" is pear-shaped, weighing 530.2 carats, and later set on the king's scepter. This giant diamond is called "African Star" with 74 facets. The first diamond mine is still in operation today and still produces gem-quality diamonds. The small town of Cullinan is a charming old mining village and a delightful mine visit. List of South African diamond mines: There are diamond mines of various sizes in South Africa. Larger diamonds include: The Premier Diamond Mine in Gauteng, The Kimberley Diamond Mine in the Northern Cape, and the South Bank of The Orange River. The Baken Diamond Mine, The Oaks Diamond Mine and The Venetia Diamond Mine in Limpopo. The Venetia mining area is one of the most abundant mines in the world. More than 40% of the world's gem-quality diamonds come from the mine. In 2006, South Africa's annual diamond production reached 15,371,804 carats, making it the fourth largest diamond producer in the world. South Africa's latest discovery of 507 carats of super diamonds: On September 24, 2009, South African diamond mining miner Petra discovered a 507.55 carat white diamond at the Cullinan diamond mine in South Africa. This diamond is one of the largest twenty diamonds ever discovered, worth about $20 million. The results of the identification show that the diamond has unparalleled color and transparency. While discovering the diamond, three diamonds of similar color and transparency were found, weighing 168 carats, 58.5 carats and 53.3 carats. Diamond Identification Tips: 1. Carat Weight The weight of a diamond is the easiest to measure in 4c. Like other gems, the weight of a diamond is also measured in carats. Diamonds of the same quality, the greater the weight, the more precious. 2. Clarity Almost all diamonds contain more or less fine impurities or some growing lines called "inclusions" or "inclusions". Usually, the smaller and smaller the inclusions in a diamond, the more expensive the diamond. 3. Color Diamonds have subtle differences in color. The difference in color is that diamonds are formed under extremely high pressure and extremely high temperatures. The whiter the diamond, the rarer and rarer it is. But equally rare are diamonds with natural colors, which are called "color diamonds" and are extremely rare. 4. Cut (Cut) Among the 4c ​​standards for diamond value measurement, only the lathe is directly affected by human influence. Only the well-designed master's precise design and exquisite craftsmanship can make the diamond make full use of the nature of light to present a rainbow-like "fire". The basic forms of the lathe include: round, pear, heart, emerald, princess, olive, elliptical. Tips for buying diamonds in South Africa: 1. Buy at a company or specialty store with diamond sales qualifications. 2. The diamonds to be purchased must have a certificate issued by a local South African accreditation body (mainly EGL, DIA, IDL and JEWELRY COUNCIL). 3. Don't forget to ask for an official receipt when you buy a diamond, so as not to encounter unnecessary troubles during the immigration check. 4. The value of VAT is already included in the prices of most goods and services in South Africa, and visitors are required to pay VAT on the goods they purchase. When the total value of goods purchased in South Africa exceeds 250 rand and needs to be brought out of South Africa, the VAT paid by tourists can be returned at the airport, port and customs.