Before using the ladder, check whether the ladder (especially the hook part) is damaged or deformed. Then open the hook at the top of the ladder and make sure the right angle of the ladder with the ladder body is 90 degrees to facilitate hanging.

2,

Use away from poles, wires and high-voltage electricity, advertising signs, rain cover and other prominent obstacles.

3,

The places where the hooks are hung should be selected where the buildings are firm, such as balconies (parapet walls), windows, etc. The depth of the hooks should be greater than the depth of the hooks. When the hook is operated, it is based on the principle of positive hanging, and the ladder will not be shaken after being hung up. The hook must be hung and fixed, and the work can only be performed by assigning a special person to protect it in order to ensure the safety during operation.

4,

To hang the hook ladder on the balcony handrail or window frame, you should choose a solid place.

5,

Pay attention to whether the angle of the hook ladder is appropriate, and use it vertically as far as possible. The protrusion should keep 10cm or more away from the wall of the building . Pay attention to whether there is any falling object above the operation.

6,

To protect the operator's safety when climbing a ladder, one person should be designated as assisting person, and the ladder body should be supported at the bottom of the ladder and be responsible for protection work, and the protection work can only be completed after the operation of the ladder climber is completed.

7,

Never 2 people at the same ladder, avoid gravity concentrate at one point, causing overload, and use the safety rope protection to increase safety, to avoid danger when rescue.

8,

Pay attention to whether the place where the hook ladder is borne is stable and whether the hook ladder is hanging. When the person climbs, pay attention to the surrounding wires to prevent electric shock and fix it with a safety rope .

9,

When you step up and down, your eyes look straight down to reduce fear, but you still need to pay attention to the situation above.

10、

When using a ladder, you should use leg strength. You shouldn't rely on arm strength. If you move too fast, you can easily lose your balance and cause swings.

11.

When climbing a ladder, you must cooperate with your hands, wrists, legs, and feet. Your eyes look at the ladder and your movements are smooth and rhythmical.

12,

The cylinder body should avoid impact, drop, etc., so as to avoid damage to the inside and outside of the bottle body, damage to the valve structure of the cylinder, resulting in hazards. If any abnormality occurs, it should be immediately stopped and sent for inspection.

13,

Gas cylinders are kept clean and are not contaminated by oil. The cylinder valve must not be lubricated with oil to prevent high pressure gas (containing high pressure oxygen) from causing the oil to self-combustion.

14,

Wipe the parts with water and place them in a well-ventilated place. Do not wipe them with volatile liquids or solvents, and do not store them in a hot, humid, or exposed environment. (Part of the supply valve instrument is precise, it is not recommended to disassemble the cleaning)

Second, the extension ladder

1,

Before the metal ladder is used, it should be used according to the safety regulations of the metal ladder, for example, the number of people who can be lifted at the same time, the load capacity of ladders, and the angle of use, etc., to avoid the possible danger of improper use.

2,

Should be checked before using the rungs, the pawl (tenon), rope, struts and other parts if damaged, broken or deformed, if there are problems to be replaced immediately.

3,

Metal ladders have good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. Care must be taken when operating near power and high temperatures to avoid danger.

4,

Set up a metal ladder in the balcony handrail or window frame should choose a solid place.

5,

Before the metal ladder is lifted upright, it is necessary to check whether there are any prominent or other obstacles such as wires, advertising signs, and rain shields in the sky so as not to touch the danger.

6,

After extending the ladder, check whether the pawl ( cartridge ) actually buckles the ladder file. After the rope is fixed firmly, you can climb the ladder. At the same time, you should pay attention to whether the ladder top or ladder foot is firm.

7,

Note whether the tilt angle of the ladder is appropriate. Generally , the angle between the ladder and the ground is 75 degrees, which is the best angle. The smaller the angle to the ground, the smaller the carrying capacity of the ladder.

8,

When a metal ladder is set up on a window or a roof, it must be higher than the window or the top three edges of the roof to facilitate emergency evacuation when people enter or retreat. (Exception: ladders are flush with the lower edge of the window to facilitate quick escape or rescue)

9,

When erecting a ladder, a firm and flat place should be selected, and it is only necessary to rely on the prison to carry out the operation. During the operation, one person must be designated to assist the personnel to do protection at the bottom of the ladder.

10、

The ladder must not be hit or weight added to the same place on the ladder.

11.

If you are doing water jetting on the ladder or using a demolition tool, besides the ladder, you must use a safety rope to protect the body and lock the leg to increase the safety of the operation.

12,

When climbing ladders or holding rescue equipment, you should concentrate and pay attention to your safety. You should not be overweight, and the items should be fixed to prevent them from falling.

13,

When leading a trapped person or wounded to escape with a two-step ladder, the leader should be outside the escaper to protect the trapped.   Prevent falling.

14,

After each use, it should be checked for damage and wear, and it should be washed regularly with water and a brush, placed in a cool place, and not painted.

V. Conclusion

Based on the above several cases and safety precautions, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1, the correct use of fire ladders can significantly shorten the time of the rescue, trapped increase chances of survival.

2. Appropriate use of truck ladders can increase rescue height and speed, and increase the success rate of rescue missions.

This article is sourced from the "Taiwanese Firefighters Handbook," which was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.