The copper-based superconductor is a high-quality conductive material. Recently, the team of Zhang Yuanbo of the Department of Physics of Fudan University and the academician Chen Xianhui of the University of Science and Technology of China obtained the conductive data of the single-layer copper-based superconductor under the two-dimensional limit for the first time Bulk copper-based superconductors have the same superconducting properties. On October 31, the research was published online in Nature. So far, humans have synthesized dozens of copper-based superconductors, all of which have a similar layered atomic structure, and the core structure is formed by alternately stacking copper-oxygen planes and planes composed of other atoms. Is the electrical conductivity of copper-based superconductors related to its structure? The research team started with a representative copper-based superconductor-Bistrontium strontium calcium copper oxide (Bi-2212), using silicon oxide as the substrate, and successfully obtained a large area single layer Bi-2212 single crystal. Monolayer Bi-2212 is a material that is extremely sensitive to the atmosphere and ambient temperature, and in the current processing methods, Bi-2212 inevitably needs to undergo liquid phase chemical environment treatment, or be heated to varying degrees to prepare a monolayer The Bi-2212 crystal is like a "night fantasy". After more than a year of trial and error, the team explored a complete solution for the preparation of single-layer Bi-2212 transport devices. In the preparation process of the electrode, the research team independently developed the micro-electrode cold welding technology, which directly joined the indium / gold foil electrode to the thin layer sample at low temperature. All preparations were completed in an inert gas environment at minus 40 degrees Celsius. Using this scheme, the high-quality superconducting transition in the single-layer Bi-2212 single crystal was shown for the first time to the team. After that, the team reproduced the phase diagram of the bulk material in the single-layer sample. The experiment found that under the optimal doping state, the superconducting transition temperature of the single layer Bi-2212 is almost completely consistent with the data of the bulk material, and the difference is within the experimental error range. Combining transport and scanning tunnel microscopy and spectroscopy data, the team found that the superconducting state, pseudo-gap state, charge density wave state, and model insulation state of the single-layer Bi-2212 phase diagram under the two-dimensional limit are all Block behavior remains consistent. (Bu Ye, Huang Xin, Fan Qiong, Yang Fan)
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