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Occupational health management methods for radiation workers
The “Administrative Measures on Occupational Health of Radiation Workers†was discussed and approved by the Ministerial Meeting of the Ministry of Health on March 23, 2007. It is hereby promulgated and will come into effect on November 1, 2007.
June 3, 2007
Occupational health management methods for radiation workers
Chapter 1 General
Article 1 These measures are formulated in accordance with the Occupational Disease Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "the Occupational Disease Prevention Law") and the "Regulations on the Safety and Protection of Radioisotope and Radioactive Devices" in order to protect the occupational health and safety of radiation workers.
Article 2 Radiation units and their radiation workers within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall abide by these Measures.
The term “radioactive work units†as mentioned in these Measures refers to the enterprises, institutions and individual economic organizations that carry out the following activities:
(a) Production, use, transportation, storage and disposal of radioactive isotopes (non-sealed radioactive materials and radioactive sources);
(b) production, use and maintenance of ray devices;
(iii) Research activities in uranium mining in the nuclear fuel cycle, uranium mining, enrichment and conversion of uranium, fuel production, reactor operation, fuel reprocessing and nuclear fuel cycle;
(iv) Radiation monitoring of radioisotopes, radiation devices and radiation workplaces;
(5) Other activities relating to ionizing radiation as prescribed by the Ministry of Health.
The term "radioactive workers" as used in these Measures refers to those who are exposed to ionizing radiation in radiological occupational activities.
Article 3 The Ministry of Health is in charge of the supervision and management of the occupational health of the national radiation workers.
The health administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall be responsible for the supervision and management of the occupational health of radiation workers within their own administrative areas.
Article 4 Radiological work units shall take effective measures so that the occupational health management of their own radiation workers conforms to the requirements of these Measures and relevant standards and norms.
Chapter II Professional Conditions and Training
Article 5 Radiation workers shall meet the following basic conditions:
(A) 18 years of age;
(B) Occupational health checks meet the occupational health requirements of radiation workers;
(3) Eligibility for training and assessment of radiation protection and related legal knowledge;
(IV) Complying with radiation protection laws and regulations, accepting occupational health monitoring and personal dose monitoring management;
(5) He holds a "radioactive worker certificate."
Article 6 Before a radiation worker takes up a job, the radiation work unit is responsible for applying for a "radioactive worker certificate" for the local administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level.
Medical institutions that carry out radiation diagnosis and treatment work apply to the health administrative department that issued the "Radiation Diagnosis and Treatment Permit" to apply for the "Radiation Workers Certificate."
The radioactive work units that carry out the activities listed in item (3) of the second paragraph of Article 2 of these Measures as well as non-medical accelerator operation, radiation processing, ray detection and oilfield logging activities shall apply to the local provincial health administrative department for the “ Radiation Worker Certificate.
The provisions of the Radiation Worker Certificate issued by other radiation units shall be determined by the local provincial health administrative department in light of the actual conditions in the region.
The format of the Radiation Workers’ Certificate is formulated by the Ministry of Health.
Article 7 Radiological workers shall receive training in radiation protection and related legal knowledge before taking up posts. They may participate in the relevant work only after passing the assessment. Training time is not less than 4 days.
Article 8 Radiological working units shall regularly organize their own radiation workers to receive radiation protection and relevant legal knowledge training. The interval between two training sessions for radiation workers shall not exceed two years, and each training session shall be no less than two days.
Article 9 Radiological working units shall establish and properly preserve training files in accordance with the prescribed time limit. Training files should include the name of each course, training time, exams, or assessment results.
Article 10 The training on radiation protection and related legal knowledge shall be undertaken by units that meet the requirements set by the provincial health administrative department. The training unit may work out a training plan together with the radiation work unit and implement and evaluate it in accordance with the training plan and related norms or standards.
The radiological working unit shall record the status of each training in the "Radiation Workers Card" in a timely manner.
Chapter III Personal Dose Monitoring Management
Article 11 Radiological working units shall arrange their own radiation workers to receive individual dose monitoring in accordance with the present Measures and the requirements of the relevant national standards and specifications, and abide by the following provisions:
(1) The individual dose monitoring period for external exposure is generally 30 days, and the longest period should not exceed 90 days; the internal dose monitoring period for individual exposure shall be implemented in accordance with relevant standards;
(b) Establishing and maintaining a personal dose monitoring file for life;
(3) Allowing radiologists to inspect and copy my personal dosing monitoring files.
Article 12 Personal dosing monitoring files shall include:
(i) Routine monitoring methods and results, and other relevant data;
(2) Relevant data such as doses and investigation reports that have been irradiated during an emergency or accident.
Radiological work units shall timely record personal dose monitoring results in the Radiation Worker Certificate.
Article 13 When a radiation worker enters a radioactive workplace, he shall abide by the following provisions:
(i) Correctly wearing personal dosimeters;
(2) When leaving the unsealed radioactive material working place at the end of the operation, carry out radioactive surface contamination monitoring of the individual's body surface, clothing and protective articles as required, and discover that the pollution should be handled in time and be well documented and archived;
(3) When entering a radiation workplace such as an irradiating device, industrial inspection or radiation therapy, in addition to wearing a regular personal dosimeter, an alarm dosimeter shall be carried.
Article 14 Personal dose monitoring should be undertaken by a qualified individual dose monitoring technical service agency. The qualification verification of the personal dose monitoring technology service agencies is assisted by the Ministry of Health of China through the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
The qualification verification of the personal dose monitoring technical service agencies shall be implemented in accordance with the Occupational Disease Prevention Law, the Administrative Measures for Occupational Health Technology Service Organizations and the relevant regulations of the Ministry of Health.
Article 15 Personal dose monitoring technical service agencies shall strictly carry out monitoring work in accordance with national occupational health standards and technical specifications, and participate in quality control and technical training.
The personal dose monitoring report shall be delivered to the radiation unit within one month after the end of each monitoring period and report to the local health administration department.
Article 16 The local health administrative department at or above the county level shall report the personal dose monitoring data of radiation workers in the administrative area to the Ministry of Health on a step-by-step basis and format.
Article 17 The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention assists the Ministry of Health in formulating the qualification verification procedures and standards for individual dose monitoring technical service agencies, organizes the implementation of quality control and technical training for individual dose monitoring in the country, and summarizes and analyzes the national individual dose monitoring data.
Chapter IV Occupational Health Management
Article 18 Before a radiologist can take up a job, he or she shall perform occupational health examinations before taking up the job, and if he meets the radiation worker's health standards, he may participate in the corresponding radiation work.
The radiation work unit shall not engage in radiation work without an occupational health check or a person who does not meet the occupational health standards of the radiation worker.
Article 19 Radiological work units shall organize radiologists on duty to perform regular occupational health examinations. The interval between two inspections shall not exceed two years. If necessary, temporary inspections may be added.
Article 20 When a radiation worker leaves a radiation job, the radiation work unit shall carry out an occupational health check before leaving the job.
Article 21 Radiation workers who participate in emergency treatment or receive radiation from accidents shall organize health inspections or medical treatment in a timely manner, and follow-up medical observations in accordance with relevant national standards.
Article 22 Medical institutions engaged in occupational health examinations of radiation workers (hereinafter referred to as occupational health inspection agencies) shall be approved by the provincial health administrative department.
Article 23 The occupational health inspection agency shall deliver the occupational health inspection report to the radiation unit within one month from the end of the medical examination.
The occupational health inspection report issued by the occupational health inspection agency shall be objective and true and be responsible for the occupational health inspection report.
Article 24 Where an occupational health inspection agency discovers that it is possible to cause health damage due to radioactive factors, it shall notify the radiation work unit and inform the radiation worker himself.
Occupational health checkup agencies shall notify the radiation workers and their radiation work units of suspected occupational radiation diseases and report to the health administrative department of the place where the radiation work unit is located.
Article 25 The radiological working unit shall truthfully inform the radiological staff within 7 days of receiving the occupational health examination report, and record the inspection conclusion in the "Radiation Worker Certificate".
The radiological work units shall not be required to continue to engage in radiation work in occupational health examinations, they shall be promptly removed from radiation work posts and properly resettled; radiation workers who need to be reviewed and observed for medical follow-up shall be promptly arranged.
Article 26 Radiological work units shall not arrange for pregnant women to participate in emergency treatment and work that may cause occupational internal exposure. Breast-feeding women should avoid occupational internal exposure during breast-feeding.
Article 27 Radiological working units shall establish and maintain a lifetime archive of occupational health surveillance for radiation workers. Occupational health surveillance files should include the following:
(a) occupational history, past medical history, and exposure history of occupational exposure;
(2) Results of previous occupational health examinations and opinions on evaluation and treatment;
(c) Occupational radiological diseases, medical follow-up observations and other health information.
Article 28 Radiological workers have the right to inspect and copy their own occupational health surveillance files. The radiation unit should provide truthfully and without compensation.
Article 29 The cost of occupational health examinations for radiological workers, diagnosis, identification of diagnostic radiological diseases, medical treatment, and medical follow-up observations shall be borne by their units.
Article 30 The diagnosis and appraisal of occupational radiation diseases shall be carried out in accordance with the Administrative Measures for the Diagnosis and Identification of Occupational Diseases and the relevant national standards.
Article 31 The health care allowance for radiation workers shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State.
Article 32 In addition to the nationally prescribed leave, radiation workers may enjoy health leave for 2 to 4 weeks each year. Radiation workers who enjoy the cold and summer holidays no longer enjoy health leave. For on-the-job radiation workers who are engaged in radiation work for at least 20 years, they can use their vacation time to arrange health treatments.
Chapter V Supervision and Inspection
Article 33 The health administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall regularly supervise and inspect the occupational health management of radiation workers in the radiation units in their respective administrative areas. The inspection includes:
(a) the implementation of relevant laws and standards;
(b) Implementation of radiological protection measures;
(3) Personnel training, occupational health check, personal dose monitoring and file management;
(4) Records of the holders of the "Radiation Workers Card" and related information records;
(5) The protection of other occupational health rights and interests of radiation workers.
Article 34 When administrative law enforcement personnel perform supervision and inspection in accordance with the law, they shall show their certificates. The unit being inspected shall cooperate, truthfully reflect the situation, provide the necessary information, and may not refuse, obstruct or conceal it.
Article 35 When performing inspections according to law, health administrative law enforcement personnel shall keep the technical secrets and business secrets of the units being inspected.
Article 36 The health administrative department shall verify and handle the report in a timely manner after it has received a report of any violation of the Measures.
Chapter 6 Legal Liability
Article 37 If a radiological working unit violates these Measures and commits one of the following acts, it shall be punished in accordance with Article 63 of the Occupational Disease Prevention Law:
(1) failing to organize the training of radiation workers in accordance with the regulations;
(2) Failure to establish individual dose monitoring files;
(3) Refusing radiologists to consult and copy their personal dose monitoring files and occupational health surveillance files.
Article 38 If a radiological work unit violates these Measures and fails to organize an occupational health examination, establish an occupational health surveillance file or truthfully inform the laborer of the inspection result in accordance with the regulations, it shall be punished in accordance with Article 64 of the Occupational Disease Prevention Law.
Article 39 Where a radiation working unit violates these Measures and fails to apply for a "radioactive staff certificate" to a person engaged in radiation work, the health administrative department shall order it to make corrections within a prescribed time limit, give a warning, and impose a fine of up to 30,000 yuan.
Article 40 If a radiation working unit violates these Measures and has one of the following acts, it shall be punished in accordance with Article 65 of the Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases:
(1) failing to perform personal dose monitoring in accordance with regulations;
(2) Abnormal findings in personal dose monitoring or occupational health examinations and no corresponding measures have been taken.
Article 41 If a radiological work unit violates these Measures and has one of the following acts, it shall be punished in accordance with Article 68 of the Occupational Disease Prevention Law:
(1) Arranging laborers who have not undergone an occupational health check to engage in radiation work;
(2) Arranging personnel under the age of 18 to engage in radiation work;
(3) Arrangement for pregnant women to participate in emergency treatment or work that may cause internal exposure, or to arrange breastfeeding women to receive occupational internal radiation;
(4) Arranging personnel who do not meet the requirements of occupational health standards to engage in radiation work;
(5) No arrangement has been made for radiation workers who are transferred from radiation work posts due to occupational health reasons or who are suspected of having occupational radiation diseases.
Article 42 If a technical service agency has not obtained qualifications and engages in personal dose monitoring technical services without authorization, or the medical institution engages in occupational health inspection of radiation workers without authorization, it shall be punished in accordance with Article 72 of the Occupational Disease Prevention Law.
Article 43 If an occupational health technical service institution that carries out individual dose monitoring and a medical institution that undertakes occupational health examinations for radiation workers violates these Measures and has one of the following acts, it shall be punished in accordance with Article 73 of the Occupational Disease Prevention Law.
(1) Those who engage in personal dose monitoring technical services beyond the scope of their qualifications or engage in occupational health inspection of radiation workers beyond the approved scope;
(2) Failing to perform statutory duties in accordance with the Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases and these Measures;
(3) issuing false certification documents.
Article 44 If a health administrative department or its staff violates these Measures and fails to perform their statutory duties, causing serious consequences, they shall be given administrative sanctions against the directly responsible officials and other directly responsible personnel; if the circumstances are serious and constitute a crime, the Be held criminally responsible.
Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions
Article 45 Occupational health inspection items and occupational health checklists for radiation workers shall be formulated by the Ministry of Health.
Article 46 The present Measures shall come into force on November 1, 2007. The Regulations for the Administration of Radiation Workers' Health issued by the Ministry of Health on June 5, 1997 was repealed at the same time.